Which of the following types of storage loses its data when power is turned off?

Dynamic RAM (DRAM) is indeed the type of storage that loses its data when power is turned off. This form of memory is used extensively in computers and electronic devices because of its ability to store data using capacitors and transistors. However, the capacitors in DRAM are not able to maintain their charge indefinitely. When the power supply is cut off, the charge dissipates, and thus the data stored in DRAM is lost.

In contrast, read-only memory (ROM) retains its information even when the power is turned off, making it suitable for firmware that needs to be preserved across sessions. Cache memory, which holds frequently accessed data to speed up processing, is also volatile and loses data when power is removed; however, the distinction lies in DRAM being the most common form of memory highlighting this characteristic in computing. Magnetic core storage, an older form of memory technology, retains its data without power and is not subject to the same loss as DRAM. Thus, dynamic RAM is correctly recognized for its volatility and temporary data retention nature.