Which type of memory can retain data without power?

The correct choice is ROM, which stands for Read-Only Memory. This type of memory is characterized by its ability to retain stored data even when the power is turned off. ROM is used primarily for firmware, which is the software that is permanently programmed into hardware devices, allowing the hardware to boot up and operate without requiring external power.

In contrast, RAM (Random Access Memory) is volatile memory, meaning it loses its data when power is lost. Cache memory, similar to RAM, is also volatile and is used to store frequently accessed data to speed up system operations. EPROM, or Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, is a type of ROM that can be erased and reprogrammed, but it still retains data without power. While both ROM and EPROM retain data without power, ROM is the most straightforward answer in this context, emphasizing its permanent data retention characteristic.